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Bulletin 8 of Information Center of Indigenous Peoples of the Altai Republic ''Birlik''

Meet the 8th group of interns of “Birlik”



At the photo – the interns of “Birlik” Information Center at the meeting with the Head of the Department of Development of Municipal Entities and Small Indigenous Peoples under the Ministry of Economy and Enterprise, Gennady Kazakpayevich Aildashev.
From left to right: Altynai Isakova (Altai-Kizhi, Kulunda village, Ongudai Region), Olga Taymacheva, Tubalar (Kebezen village, Turochak Region), Svetlana Yukina, Tubalar (Gorno-Altaisk), Yulia Kolchegosheva, Teleut, Belovo, Kemerovskaya Oblast, Irina Solodukha (Gorno-Altaisk, Director of “Birlik” Information Center).

INTERNS MEETINGS AND OPINIONS
The interns of “Birlik”, besides the general program, in course of their study received much useful information from their meetings with different representatives of authority bodies and municipal units bodies. The brightest meetings we want to describe in information bulletin #8.

We, the 8th group met with:
the Head of the Department of Development of Municipal Entities and Small Indigenous Peoples under the Ministry of Economic Development and Investments of the Altai Republic Gennady Kazakpayevich Aildashev.
Gennady Kazakpayevich told the participants that indigenous peoples have a great number of unsolved problems. At the republican level the Department is working at development of a bill on giving the status of places with dense population of indigenous peoples to Ulagan, Kosh-Agach and other regions of the republic. At the beginning of 1990s two regions of the Altai Republic, Kosh-Agach and Ulagan, were equated to the regions of the Polar North. This status gives certain privileges to the inhabitants of these regions.
In the Altai Republic there are 103 municipal subjects, including 92 rural, 10 regional, 1 republican. Gennady Kazakpayevich also remarked that municipal entities at the level of the republic should work out complex social-economical program till the end of 2007. So far the program was developed only by Maima Region, and it was caused only by the reason that the region was chosen as one of the pilot at the level of Siberia Federal Okrug. Other municipalities, despite the indications of federal and republican authority bodies, are not so active in this work. Nowadays, only Ust-Koksa, Chemal Regions and Gorno-Altaisk have submitted the schedule charts of the development of these programs to the Ministry of Economy.
the deputy of State Meeting El Kurultai of the Altai Republic Nikolay Vasilyevich Tudenenov, Head of the Committee on Education, Culture, Mass Media and Public Unities.
Nikolay Vasilyevich was speaking on the work of the Committee and the prospects of its development. In the field of education they work on improvement of financial situation of specialists. At present the doctors of science have additional payment in amount of three thousand rubles, the candidates – 1,500, soon this sum will rise up to federal level.
The work on developing the programs on sport is being done. Such kinds of sport as polyathlon and athletics were touched.
This year was founded a youth international parliament of the republic, the members of which are below 30 years old. Establishing the youth parliament of the republic, the politicians and the leaders of the State Meeting El Kurultai care about the future, preparing the worthy change for themselves. As it is today’s youth who will solve the problems of tomorrow.
A question about the position of Plenipotentiary on Human Rights in the Altai Republic was asked. Nikolay Vasilyevich replied that there are some candidates of experienced lawyers from whom the plenipotentiary will be elected by secret vote of the deputies of the State Meeting El Kurultai of the Altai Republic, who will start to fulfill his functions from September.
At this moment they work on approving the budget of the Altai Republic.
the Head of the Agency on Use of Minerals, Lidya Konstantinovna Grakova. Lidya Konstantinovna told about old and new deposits and mining, plans of work. Now in Turochak Region there are geological explorations for gold. In Kosh-Agach Region there are active works on mining wolfram and molybdenum. Recently in this region the interest to cobalt mineral is growing. The tender for industrial development of some deposits is planned in 2007. The government of the republic is interested in developing Pyzhinsky coal mine, although local population is against explaining their position with pollution of the environment. The meeting concluded with demonstration of some minerals and their descriptions.
News about land legislation were presented to the interns by Maria Fominichna Demina, the deputy of the State Meeting El Kurultai of the Altai republic, the member of the Attorneys Office, the lawyer on land legislation, leader of “Rodina” party. Afterwards, the interns asked their daily vital questions which they faced and still face. In particular these are the questions of land shares given to the workers of reorganized collective farms, receiving the certificates for the right of possession of these lands, transfer of the land from one category to another.
the Chairman of the Committee on Agrarian Policy, Land-use and Problems of Village, the deputy of the State Meeting El Kurultai of the Altai Republic, Nikolay Mikhailovich Taitanakov. Nikolay Mikhailovich told that today in the Altai Republic many questions and problems in the field of land relations and agriculture development are unsolved.
Since March of this year 4 sessions of the State Meeting of the Altai Republic have been held, there were a lot of issues concerning different structures: economical, social, etc. The next session, on 8 December, one of the main issues, the budget of the Altai republic for 2007, will be considered and approved. This issue caused a lot of discussions, opinions. Every committee, department, etc. wanted just their proposal to be approved. The budget is big, e.g. in northern regions it is over 6 billions rubles. From general budget 60 million gets to the sphere of deficit. The biggest funding is assigned to education 23%, to healthcare and so on. As result, no financial funds for development of villages are left.
In the republic rural population is 75%, while in Russia there are 25% of rural population. The only subject, which almost totally consists of rural population, is the Altai Republic. In the villages there is a great problem of unemployment. Agriculture is not profitable. The Committee tries to show the authority of the Republic the present situation in the villages. The functions of the Committee include land-use and ecology. In the field of ecology they were busy with the problem of irrational use of the Teletskoye Lake, the structures are many but you can’t find a responsible one.
Today the problem of land is vital. In 1990-s all over the country everything was sold, the villages began to fall down. Of all the population only 20% received their shares, the rest 80% didn’t. Today taking the share is very difficult, it needs huge money, going to institutions, legal proceedings. Now people don’t get the right for privatization.
Nikolay Mikhailovich remarked that today there are 4 national projects that can change the present situation in the Republic. One more problem is provision of the citizens of Russia with accommodation. The government should give a land plot for building the house, but it is impossible, as the borders of a settlement are not formed officially. At the moment 13 millions rubles are allocated for solving the question of rural settlements. Thus, one problem is attached to another.
the Minister of Health Igor Ezherovich Yaimov. Igor Ezherovich told about his work in the field of health service, about plans and activities, implementation of the national project, the problems and weak points of the department.
On the territory of the republic there is active construction of new regional central hospitals provided with modern equipment and technologies. The medical posts of the villages, by the federal program, are provided with new equipment within 60-70 thousand rubles under the condition the building corresponds the sanitary standards. Igor Ezherovich remarked the work of the administration of Shebalino Region on renewal of medical posts in the villages. On the question of rehabilitation of adult disabled population he replied that such problem exists and its solving needs big expenses. A positive moment is that on the territory of Chemal Region in “Katun” resort treatment for the population is made not only in summer season.
Municipal subject “Choisky Region” is remarked for leasing 5 medical vehicles. Negative point is absence of oncology, ophthalmology clinic, that complicates operative treatment and creates long queues in the cities. There is a high rate of deaths of women of mamma disease. The Minister of Health proved himself as a responsive and understanding man, anxious about the problems of simple men in the field of health.
the leading specialist on the territories under special protection of the Altai Republic of the Committee of Natural Resources, Environment Protection and Tourism, Alena Alexeyevna Maikova. This committee was founded in 2005, its responsibilities include controlling-monitoring and protecting functions for the natural resources of the republic of the territories under special protection, they also solve questions of consequences of Semipalatinsk radiation.
On the territory of the Altai Republic there are two federal nature reserves – Katunsky and Altaisky; one regional reserve – Sumultinsky; 44 nature monuments of regional significance, two nature-economy parks – Chuy-Oozy and Argut; four nature parks – area of calmness Ukok, nature park Belukha, Katun and Uch-Enmek; there is also a branch of botanical gardens of Siberian Department of the Russian Academy of Science on the territory of Shebalino Region. Probably in the near future national parks of Ongudai region will be joined. Today management of the park “Area of Calmness Ukok” is the most active. For the first time in the history of parks the director of the park Sergey Ochurdyapov has received a car from the Government of the Altai Republic.
The Committee has worked out the program for 2,500 thousand rubles “Support of Nature Territories under Special Protection of the Altai Republic” aimed to develop such territories in 2007-2008. Creation of NTSP allows to save and fix to indigenous peoples the land and natural resources.
Tamara Mikhailovna Sadalova, secretary of the Committee on UNESCO affairs in the Altai Republic. On 21 September in Gorno-Altaisk there was a presentation of the National Committee on UNESCO Affairs. Lately the Commission of Russia on UNESCO Affairs pays much attention to cooperation with regions. Recently the departments of the Commission in Yakutia, on the Far East, in Bashkiria, Chechnya were opened. Besides the Altai Republic, opening of the UNESCO Committees in Dagestan and Tatarstan are planned. The Object of World Heritage in the Altai Republic includes three parts and five objects: Altaisky Nature Reserve with water protecting zone of the Teletskoye Lake, Katunsky Nature Reserve plus Nature Park Belukha, Ukok Plateau. The region demonstrates the widest in the Central Siberia range of mountain zones: from steppes, forest-steppes, mixed forests to subalpine and alpine meadows and glaciers. The territory is the habitat of endangered species of animals, such as ounce.
The meeting with the head of the Center of National Problems of Language Education of the Altai Republic under the Ministry of Education and Science, Janna Iostynovna Amyrova, was held in a very warm and friendly environment. Janna Iostynovnatold told in details about the directions of work of the Center, showed some interesting video-films on the history and objects of UNESCO in the Altai republic.
The Center was established on 18 August 2006. In 1990s after agriculture wrecking in the republic a lot of indigenous peoples started to move from rural areas to the capital of the region – Gorno-Altaisk. As a rule, in the city communication of children in kindergartens, schools, other educational institutions is made in Russian, and many children and youth don’t speak their native language. That’s why the work of the Center is important now.
The leaders of the Center work actively with the teachers on the analysis of teaching of the native language in 2-9 grades. Recently, brightly colored books, prepared by the Center, were published. They are aimed for children under the school age, pupils of primary and secondary grades. Two school books by Shagayeva-Toboyeva are composed basing on the program of development and bringing up of children under the school-age “Rostochek”. “Oinot, Eret Balany” consists of three parts: “Me and My World”, “We and Our World”, “Everybody”. In the book there are presented games for learning the environment, development and activation of the vocabulary, forming correct pronunciation of 3-6-year-old children. The second book is called “Methodical Recommendations for Educators of Kindergartens on the “Rostochek” Program”.
For the first-grade schoolchildren the book of M. Barantayeva “Kunichek” is published. It is for reading in post-ABC period. It consists of folklore works and works of the best Altai writers.
Three books are devoted to the Altai language. “The Altai Language. 2 Grade” by K. Piyantinova corresponds to the federal component of the State Educational Standard of General Education and is intended for learning the basic level of the Altai language in the 2 grade.
In the series “Altai Language” the book of N. Aldamakova, N. Taiborina “Altai Language” for the 5 grade is issued in accordance with the program of profound study of the Altai language in 5-11 grades.
The continuation of the line of educational literature on the “Program for beginners in studying the Altai language” is the book of N. Taiborina, Ye. Megedekova “The Magic Word: Book for extracurricular reading: for beginners in studying the Altai language, grades 3-4”.
Three more textbooks, appeared this year, are devoted to the history of Gorny Altai. The book of V. Yelin “The History of Gorny Altai. Grade 6” contains information about the earliest pages of the Gorny Altai history. The perculiality of the book is that the themes it touches and the variants of their interpretation are determined by the perception and outlook of Altai people. The book has illustrations, vocabulary, chronological index, the list of literature. The book of L. Axenova “The History of Gorny Altai. Grade 7” holds the data on the history of Gorny Altai from 17 to the second half of 19 century, on settling the territory of Gorny Altai by Russian population, influence of Russian culture on the further development of this region and people.
Not of less value is the collection of methodical works of A. Kraivanova “Analysis of Literature Works at School”. This collection of works is for help of teachers of literature and students of universities.
On 28 September the 8th group attended the 6th session of the State Meeting El Kurultai of the Altai Republic of the 4th convocation. At the beginning the Chaiman of the State Meeting, Ivan Belekov, read the agenda of the session. On behalf of all the deputies and personally the Head of the Altai republic Alexander Berdnikov congratulated the deputy Sergey Pekpeyev with the 50th anniversary and rewarded him a golden badge in the shape of the emblem of the Altai Republic, Belekov congratulated as well.
On the session there were considered important issues concerning human rights, the territory of the Altai Republic and land-use. The following issues were interesting and important for us: about the draft of the law of the Altai Republic “About the Plenipotentiary on Human Rights in the Altai Republic”, reported by Victor Romashkin, the chairman of the Committee, the remarks were made by the Committee of the State Meeting – El Kurultai of the Altai Republic on the Legal Politics and Local Self-Government; about the draft of the law of the Altai Republic “About alterations made in the law of the Altai Republic “About protection of the population and the territory of the republic in emergency situations of natural and man-caused origin”, reported by Nikolay Taytakov, the chairman of the Committee, remarks were made by the Committee of the State Meeting – El Kurultai of the Altai Republic on agrarian politics, land-use and rural problems; about the draft of the law of the Altai Republic “About alterations made in the law of the Altai Republic “About the republican budget of the Altai Republic for 2006”, reported by Svetlana Gashkina, the Minister of Finances of the Altai Republic, remarks were made by the Head of the Altai Republic, the Chairman of the Government of the Altai Republic, on this issue it was stated how much money were spent for celebration of El Oyin, for construction of the drama theatre, for celebration of 250th anniversary of joining of the Altai people to Russia, for schools, for a swimming pool, for kindergartens; about the draft of the law of the Altai Republic “About alterations in the law of the Altai Republic “About free giving of the land plots to the ownership of the citizens in the Altai Republic”, reported by Nikolay Taitakov, the chairman of the Committee, the remarks were made by the Committee of the State Meeting – El Kurultai of the Altai Republic on the agrarian politics, land-use and rural problems, on this issue it was decided to set unlimited time frame for registering the land; for a five-year period by voting there was appointed the Justice of the Peace of the Turochak Region.
Yulia Kolchegosheva
Olga Taimacheva




ARTICLES OF THE INTERNS OF THE 8TH GROUP


My People – Teleuts





My name is Yulia Kolchegosheva. My tribe is Tyolyos. I’m Teleut by nationality, live in Teleut area of Belovo town in Kemerovskaya Oblast.
Teleut is my native area, here my parents, my relatives live, I was born here, spent my childhood and live now.
Teleut is a kind of a small world (at least, for me). As long as I remember myself, I spent all the time on the playground (I can say, this playground was the center of Teleut area). In the childhood I played different games with my friends on the grass, we saw our fathers, brothers and sisters playing volleyball, football, and mothers with babies in carriages were walking and watching the games. On big holidays there were also games, walks and gatherings on the playground.
This is all good, but for a better development of sport and culture in Teleut, first of all, special places, such as a house of culture (club) and a gym, are needed. Now in our area we have a working club, but those, who see it, wonder how it is possible to hold celebrations and rehearsals, for example, for a dancing group, in such a small building. Our House of Culture is a former dwelling house. Some time ago it was bought and repaired (the walls between the rooms were removed to make one room). To carry out big events is impossible there, with so many people in such a small room, where lack of space for competitions or performances of groups, not to mention the audience.
In the club “Teleut” since 2002 the dancing group “Kunuchek” including 8 people has been working. During four years of its existence, the dancing group has taken first and second places in the town competitions of choreographic groups, has participated in town and regional events. And now “Kunuchek” is the only dancing group in Kuzbass working in national direction reviving the culture and traditions of its people.
When the people who know the achievements of “Kunuchek” group come to Teleut and see the place where the group is training, they feel terrified and curious, how 8 people can dance there, and after that go out on the big stage and adjust themselves.
In 2005 “Teleut” club was thoroughly repaired, assigned big money for that. But instead of the repair, it would be better to construct in Teleut area a building of good sizes (just walls and a ceiling), so that the dancing group could train and perform there.
The Teleut youth loiter around because of absence of possibility for going in for sport or any other activities, for realization of their interests. Only few of them find themselves in sport: play football, volleyball outside when it’s raining or snowing; some of them travel to the other areas of the town for trainings; only a small part of youth is engaged in creative work as well, many people just don’t understand the importance of revival, keeping and developing their culture. But we are glad that at least some of them continue doing something for their people’s good.
In the eyes of adults and youth we can see the sparkles of wish to work for the welfare of their people. They have a lot of ideas, but to implement even part of them there are possibilities. One of the main obstacles that they don’t know how to get necessary assistance for their people; lack of practical knowledge is vital problem of the day for Teleut people. And I wish, until somebody wants to develop our culture and sport, from the side of other people and authorities we could meet some help and support, which we need greatly…

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I would also like to tell a little about holidays celebrated in Teleut area of Kemerovskaya Oblast.
On 7-14 January Teleuts celebrate Vechorki (Cherteki). Before they were celebrated in one of the houses, now – in the House of Culture. On Vechorki Teleut people from young to old have fun: dance and play. They dance national dancing “Six People” when Cherteki come in. Everybody who wants to have fun can dress like Cherteki, putting on Teleut dresses and hiding their faces with a shawl, so that nobody could recognize them. When Cherteki come in, popular music is turned off, and either an accordionist starts playing national dancing music or the record is turned on. Cherteki dance themselves and invite for dancing everybody who present, sing chastooshkas in Teleut and Russian language. Everybody presenting should succeed to pull off a shawl from the Chertek’s head to know who he is, and Cherteki try to prevent it.
On Vecherki Teleuts not only dance, but play different games.
As our parents say, after Vecherki always weddings were celebrated, as people from different villages were coming to Teleut, and the young could find their future spouse. Now only few people come from outside, mostly local people from Teleut area, but we are lucky to still celebrate Vecherki. Other regions don’t have them, forgot about them.

After Vecherki, on 18 January, we celebrate Pel’menek. On that day every Teleut family make pel’meni with coins inside and draw crosses with a chalk on doors and windows of all the buildings in the yard, and in the water (and river), flower and pel’meni (on the top of the full bowl) they put crosses made from the birch. The coins mean happiness; the crosses – protection from bad spirits. In the evening people visit each other. The guests should say to the hosts, “Pel’men tirge pargar”, i.e. they invite them to their place to have their pel’meni, and the hosts answer, “Te tyakshi, keleryk”, i.e. “Ok, we’ll come”. For Pel’menek usually children and youth come, but adults also can come to someone’s place. They say, if you found a coin in a pel’men’, you found your happiness.

On 19 January, after all New Years celebrations, one have to shoot up into the air from the gun to scare away all bad spirits, who gathered on those days. The day of 19 January is called Myltyktoo.
Every year on 7 June the Teleut national holiday Pardakai is celebrated. On that day guests from other villages come to Teleut area to see the holiday program, and the sportsmen arrive to take part in sports competitions. This holiday is devoted to finishing sowing work. On that day all the population and guests of Teleut area walk and celebrate. The holiday starts in the morning and finishes with dances till the following morning.

Yulia Kolchegosheva








Tyanar Ancient Songs


Mankind has collected huge cultural wealth. There exists a big diversity of normative documents protecting cultural heritage.
Peoples of our planet must keep their culture, protect it and share it not only with their people, but with all the world for the sake of saving indigenous peoples.
Why do I speak about global things, about saving indigenous peoples of our planet via cultural values, which have great spiritual potential for all the human beings? Indigenous people of the Altai Republic saved and gave to the present and future generation big knowledge and invaluable works. This knowledge in the field of culture and life regulation is transferred from fathers to sons and carry energy and space information via songs, dances, guttural tales. It reflects the beauty of the spirit of Altai, the bond of times and worlds. Since early childhood I heard my grandmother and mother singing songs of indigenous people. The songs have ancient roots and are called tyanar. Tyanar can be performed in chorus of five-twenty and more people, or in solo. Usually tyanar is sung during rituals of wedding, New Year and devotion. The ancient prayer ritual is held twice a year. The first time is after winter, when Altai is awaking and everything around is coming alive. The ritual is performed in the following way. They take ayak (a bowl) filled with milk and splash it with wooden spoon into four sides of the world, appealing to the spirits of the mountains, forests, rivers, lakes thanking them for the year they went through, the cattle saved, the peace among people. The main worship is to Ot Ene (Mother-Fire) and Altai Kudai – the God of Altai. In conclusion, the praying people stand into circle and sing tyanar. With the words of this song people ask for well-being for their people. As a rule, one of the women starts the song, all the rest continue in the process of singing. The energy of the song is very strong. If in academic or folk chorus the voices are divided into parts, soprano, alto and one should sing in harmony with other parts following the conductor, we can sing without dividing into parts and without the conductor. People who arrive here ask to perform this ritual for curing from some diseases, cleaning their karma and their relatives’. The effect of the song on people has calming power which saves them in the future life. The tyanar song is very simple actually for singing by everyone. Even if you cannot speak the indigenous language, you can easily learn the words and sing with the others, and you will feel as if you’ve known how to sing tyanar songs all your life. Desire, love, grief, luck, success, joy of people are put in the song from ancient times. People sang them appealing to all the Spirits of Altai, to Altai God. The mood of the benedictory and caring prayerful song is felt very vividly. The song sounds in such a nice harmony that the souls of the singing seem to join. Intuitively everyone knows the beginning and the end of the song. Praying to the God, we ask for peace and calmness for all the mankind. That is why the culture of indigenous people is so valuable and necessary. The festivals Tyanar Kozhonu need to be organized and developed.
Altynai Isakova





Life of My Village


I was born and grew up in Tuloi village of Turochak Region, Altai Republic, not far from a nice place of the Teletskoye Lake (Altyn Kol – the Golden Lake).
Our village was called after Altai name Talai. It is located 2 km from the federal highway. In Tuloi there are 56 homesteads. The youth leaves for the city to enter educational institutions, and don’t hurry to return, some of them stayed in the city to build their future life, and some moved to the regional center or bigger villages. Most part of the population in our place is pensioners. I think, a good advantage of our village is a 9-year secondary school, because for the last time a lot of schools become closed in small villages. Till 1989 the school was primary. From the 4th grade the pupils had to get their education in the nearby villages. It was very inconvenient for both children and their parents. The pupils lived with their relatives or in a school hostel.
In my article I’d like to mention a person dear to me, the Person from the capital letter, my mother, Pelogeya Chernova. She started her work as a young specialist in 1980s as a teacher of primary grades of our village. In Tuloi school she worked till retirement age and retired with many rewards, gratifying letters and the title of Honorable Teacher of the region for her work. Unfortunately, my mother is no longer alive since 2005.
We have a small museum at school, there you can see a lot of interesting things: Altai housekeeping tools, women’s national clothes, boards with pictures of honorable villagers, the history and life of the village. A great contribution to the development of the museum was made by Maria Sapkayskaite.
Everyday life of the people of our village doesn’t differ from many villages of our republic. The main occupation of the villagers is farming, hunting, fishing. Thanks to two businessmen we have shops.
Till 1993 there was a collective farm, which provided the most part of the population with working places. In the collective farms people worked with families, even children helped their parents. Nobody could think then that time of total unemployment would come and people would have to survive. In the process of liquidation of the collective farm, the agricultural equipment, cattle, horses were divided. With the collective farm, people had in their individual farms, as a rule, one cow, pigs and small equipment, but after their breaking down, everybody tried to have some serious supply. Besides, one of the main sources of income for my countrymen is pension of the old, children’s allowances and seasonal works. In spring people pick up damsons, at the beginning of summer – medicinal herbs, in autumn on the marshes – cranberry, which has indispensable healing power, e.g. anti-fever for high temperature. The berry is bought by coming suppliers. But before cranberry the villagers go to Altaisky Kray, Shulginka village for picking sea-buckthorn.
People here are friendly, joyful, not depressed. They try to help each other, and when they celebrate something, it happens in a very interesting way. Thanks to active work of Zinaida Berelova, we have a lot of changes in our local club. She gained the renewal of the room, which was in a very poor condition for quite a long time; also the new equipment appeared, every holiday an interesting program is prepared, the most active people are rewarded with valuable prizes.
We have very beautiful nature. A small river Tuloika flows into the biggest rivers of the region, the Biya. We swim in the Biya only from August, but in the Tuloika from the beginning of summer already. In summer in the river some people escape from the heat, others just have rest. A huge mountain towers up the village. I think, we can develop tourism; to start with, for example, one could open a summer café in national yurta where national dishes would be served.
I also want to remark, that the youth in the village is very athletic, some of them play volleyball, some – football, somebody ski in winter. In the regional competitions they win prizes. But unfortunately, there is nobody who could develop sport abilities of children. There are no sports classes.
Svetlana Yukina





Home, sweet home

I’d like to write about my native place on our planet, my motherland, Kebezen’ village in Turochak region.
The unique nature, once seen, leaves unforgettable impression. One of the most powerful rivers in Altai, the Biya, is running past the village and divides it into two parts, Kebezen’ and Splavnaya (as we call them), connected by the bridge.
On the left side of the village there is a rich mixture of conifers, beautiful birches, mountain ashes and, of course, the ridge of the high, powerful mountains, covered, like with a blanket, with these trees’ mixture, blinking on the sun with all colors of the rainbow.
Coming into the village, you are met with splashes of the Biya waves and the smell of conifer wood. The rich nature cannot keep indifferent a person, who has ever been to the village. We can go on and on describing our proud mother nature, but I’d like to show the everyday life of the people living there, the other side of life of our village. The tourists staying on the bank of the Biya leave the litter everywhere or just throw it into the river, polluting it. They break the bottles without thinking that the cattle come to this place. But these are not only the tourists, who are careless about the nature, but the population of the village themselves. Having rested outside, they also don’t remove what is left after their joyful stay there. The forest is cut down without any sorrow, the twigs left are scattered, neither removed nor burned. Lately it became impossible to go to the forest for berries or mushrooms, it became impassable.
One of the very important problems is employment of the youth. Not everybody can afford to go somewhere to study and find his way after leaving school, and they stay in the village. As there is no work, the young have nothing to do, as a result, we have hard drinking, robberies, homicides leading to prison.
Most of the students, having graduated some educational institution, often return to the village, and also become lost there.
The problem of unemployment is as acute as in whole the republic. People find only some occasional earnings. Starting from spring, people travel to make money, live in tents when the ground is still cold and covered with snow. Here they destroy their health, and mostly they are women and children who come for such earnings, having no other way out. They overcome many kilometers in taiga with heavy rucksacks.
People mostly breed cattle, *****ing hay manually, with the hope to sell the meat in autumn with good profit and provide their children with everything necessary for school. But here they also don’t have much success, the buyers give very low price. Many people live on children allowances, pensions of the old. Seeing all these things, we want to open eyes to our government, so that it would help its people. Young specialists need workplaces, people breeding cattle need different kinds of assistance. But nowadays, if you want to make a loan for development of your business, you need to collect a huge pile of papers, visit dozens of bureaucratic offices. Thus, the procedure of making a loan should be simplified for development of small business. The village needs youth center for development of their talents, potential and realization of their personal qualities.
One more problem is ignorance of their native language, customs and traditions. In the school they teach the Altai language, but not Tubalar, and at home people use the Russian language. The culture of Tubalar people is known only by our grandparents, and we, the younger generation, must take it over and keep it until it’s not too late. I will describe some of these customs held in our family. When I bore a baby and was brought home, my grandmother held the ritual of greeting the newborn. She took the baby, turned her to every side of the world telling wishes in the Tubalar language. Then she took some ash from the furnace and sprinkled it on the baby’s top of the head, then sprayed it with araka (milk vodka). After the ritual she drank the araka. During the house-warming party, the ritual is held by the oldest member of the family. In our family this is our grandmother. Having poured araka, she told the wishes into the furnace, sprinkling the milk vodka into the furnace and asking for happiness, good luck, health, wealth for the masters of the house.
There are also rituals on the passes, tying t’yalama (ribbons), worshiping to the spirit of the mountains and asking for good way.
Absence of knowledge of our customs, traditions, language makes us spiritually poor. I want our traditions, rituals, folklore to revive and develop. This year Kumandins have published their first ABC-book, why not to start to collect the material for publishing our Tubalar dictionary, books on the traditions of our people? Maybe then we would rise from the pit of ignorance of our traditions? And we, in our turn, would pass the knowledge to our children and grandchildren, and they – to their children. As for me, I want to know the culture of my people, so that I could give it to my child, to educate her with love and interest to our people, our language, customs and traditions. In schools it would be useful to organize a circle of the Tubalar folklore. Each of us should make a small input into solving the problems, but not to shift the burden from one to another. On this way we shouldn’t be afraid to be misunderstood or not heard, but to move to the aim decisively all together, to be a friendly and united people. There are not many of us to be divided into small groups. Then we will reach the goal and return our language, our customs, traditions, our culture. And maybe our people will start living better than now. Who knows why we live in such a way now, probably because we forgot and don’t observe our traditions, language.
And I want to believe that having returned our traditions, customs, culture and language, my people will rise from the ruins of ignorance and become one of the respected peoples of the Altai Republic.
Olga Taimacheva









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